![]() ![]() Tips to improve PC performance in Windows 10įix printer problems in Windows 7 and Windows 8. Get help with Windows 10 upgrade and installation errors ![]() Make older programs compatible with this version of Windows Let’s start our step by step installation guide. If you're trying to remove malware, you can use Windows Security (or another antivirus tool), or you can use the Windows Malicious Software Removal tool. We are going to use Bluestacks in this method to Download and Install Merge Wizard : Fire Wizard Mitti for PC Windows 10/8/7 Laptop. Prevent existing programs from being completely uninstalled or updated.īlock you from uninstalling a program through Add or Remove Programs (or Programs and Features) in Control Panel. (Or from MinGW, install the package with mingw-get install mintty. For MSYS (old), select the msys-mintty package in the installer. Prevent new programs from being installed. In Git-for-Windows, mintty is installed by default and invoked as 'Git Bash'. The troubleshooter helps fix problems that:Ĭorrupt registry keys on 64-bit operating systems.Ĭorrupt registry keys that control the update data. Download Anaconda Distribution Version Release Date:Download For: High-Performance Distribution Easily install 1,000+ data science packages Package Management Manage packages. You'll find the product code in the property table of the MSI file. To access the code, you'll need a tool for reading MSI files-which is typically available to IT professionals. Attach the USB flash drive or insert the DVD on the PC where you want to install Windows 10. If you used the media creation tool to download an ISO file for Windows 10, you’ll need to burn it to a DVD before following these steps. If a program isn't listed in the uninstall options, you'll be asked for that program's product code. Before you install Windows 10, it’s a good idea to save any work and back up your PC before you start. The troubleshooter provides steps for you to follow. If you see the File Download box when you start downloading, select Run or Open. Get started with MITT Article 4 contributors Feedback In this article Before you begin Computer setup for running MITT tests Install WDTF Runtime Library Install MITT firmware Known issues and workaround To run MITT tests, you must install the MITT firmware on a new MITT board. It also fixes corrupted registry keys.įirst, you'll need to download the troubleshooter. ![]() The Program Install and Uninstall troubleshooter helps you automatically repair issues when you're blocked from installing or removing programs. If you're having problems with an app you got from Microsoft Store, go to Fix problems with apps from Microsoft Store. Note: Use these steps for Windows programs. ![]()
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![]() ![]() When prompted, the user could type the password to complete a connection.The SQLCMDPASSWORD environment variable.In earlier versions of sqlcmd (Go), the -P switch was temporarily removed, and passwords for SQL Server Authentication could only be provided through these mechanisms: For the most up-to-date list of missing flags for backward compatibility, visit the Prioritize implementation of back-compat flags GitHub discussion. Several switches and behaviors are altered in the sqlcmd (Go) utility. Use "sqlcmd -help" for more information about a command.įor more in-depth information on sqlcmd syntax and use, see ODBC sqlcmd syntax. verbosity int log level, error=0, warn=1, info=2, debug=3, trace=4 (default 2) sqlconfig string configuration file (default "/Users//.sqlcmd/sqlconfig") ?, -? help for backwards compatibility flags (-S, -U, -E etc.) Query Run a query against the current context Open Open tools (e.g ADS) for current context # View configuration information and connection stringsĬompletion Generate the autocompletion script for the specified shellĬonfig Modify sqlconfig files using subcommands like "sqlcmd config use-context mssql"Ĭreate Install/Create SQL Server, Azure SQL, and Toolsĭelete Uninstall/Delete the current context # Install/Create, Query, Uninstall SQL Server Because different default options may apply, you might see different behavior when you execute the same query in SSMS in SQLCMD Mode and in the sqlcmd utility. When sqlcmd is run from the command-line, sqlcmd uses the ODBC driver. ![]() NET Framework SqlClient for execution in regular and SQLCMD mode in Query Editor. To run SQLCMD statements in SQL Server Management Studio (SSMS), select SQLCMD Mode from the top navigation Query Menu dropdown list. To run SQLCMD statements in Azure Data Studio, select Enable SQLCMD from the editor toolbar. You can try the sqlcmd utility from Azure Cloud Shell, as it's preinstalled by default: See Install sqlcmd and bcp on Linux for instructions to install sqlcmd on Linux and macOS. This component requires both the built-in Windows Installer 5 and the Microsoft ODBC Driver 17 for SQL Server. Windows Server 2008 through Windows Server 2022.Sqlcmd (ODBC) supports Azure Active Directory (Azure AD) authentication, including Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA) support for Azure SQL Database, Azure Synapse Analytics, and Always Encrypted features. The command line tools are General Availability (GA), however they're being released with the installer package for SQL Server 2019 (15.x). Windowsĭownload Microsoft Command Line Utilities 15 for SQL Server (圆4)ĭownload Microsoft Command Line Utilities 15 for SQL Server (x86) Sqlcmd (ODBC) can be installed cross-platform, on Microsoft Windows, macOS, and Linux. yum install sqlcmdĭownload the corresponding -linux-圆4.tar.bz2 or 2 asset from the latest release of sqlcmd (Go) from the GitHub code repository. curl -o /etc//packages-microsoft-com-prod.repo For example, centos/8 can be used in an environment running CentOS 7. If the version of your OS doesn't directly correspond to one of those options, you can likely successfully use a repository configuration file from a version. rpm -import ĭownload the repository configuration file, where the centos/8 segment may be centos/8, fedora/32, opensuse/42.3, rhel/8, or sles/15. curl | sudo tee /etc/apt//microsoft.ascĪdd the Microsoft repository, where the ubuntu/20.04 segment may be debian/11, ubuntu/20.04, or ubuntu/22.04. brew install sqlcmdĭownload the -darwin-圆4.zip asset from the latest release of sqlcmd (Go) from the GitHub code repository.Įxtract the sqlcmd file from the downloaded zip folder. choco install sqlcmdĭownload the corresponding -windows-圆4.zip or -windows-arm.zip asset from the latest release of sqlcmd (Go) from the GitHub code repository.Įxtract the sqlcmd.exe file from the downloaded zip folder. Run the following command to install sqlcmd (Go). Install Chocolatey if you don't already have it. Install the Windows Package Manager Client if you don't already have it. ![]() ![]() ![]() It is a unique twist on the classic solitaire game, where the goal is to reach 21 points and not go lower than zero instead of moving cards to foundation piles. Zero21 Solitaire by Zynga Inc Free/Contains ads The game contains too much advertising, but you can use AdLock to play free solitaire without ads, just like you play Words With Friends without ads.ĭownload: Google Play / App Store 4. It is a classic game with a fun twist, and you can customize the background, shuffle the deck when stuck, and complete daily challenges. The game is available on Android and iOS platforms, free to play, but has in-game purchases.ĭownload: Google Play / App Store 3. It’s a game that combines classic solitaire gameplay with a social aspect, where you can play with other players from around the world. Solitaire Palace by Spiele-Palast GmbH Free/No ads The game is available on Android and iOS platforms and is free to play.ĭownload: Google Play / App Store 2. And the cherry on top, it has good old winning animation we all loved. It offers album and portrait orientation, has Undo button, and can be played online. It’s a fun and addictive version of the classic card game with a simple and clean design. This is the best solitaire app without ads. Frequently Asked Questions Best Solitaire Games for Android and iOS 1.Play Solitaire & Other Ad-Free Games With AdLock.How to Block Ads on Microsoft Solitaire.Best Solitaire Games for Android and iOS.The good thing is that AdLock can remove them, leaving you with just plain entertainment. We collected for you 12 solitaire alternatives for Android phones and iPhones, all free, but most still contain advertising that can be quite annoying. But first, let’s talk about free solitaire apps without ads. ![]() We will discuss it later in this article. Luckily, there are ways to block ads in the solitaire desktop application, and one is by using ad-blocking software like AdLock. Another reason why the introduction of advertising raised some eyebrows is that the initial design of the first game was obtained from an intern by Microsoft without paying a cent. This feature forces players to sit through the ads and prevents them from switching to another window, as the ad timer will stop. However, Microsoft has been criticized for introducing unskippable video advertising between rounds in their Solitaire collection. The game’s simple yet addictive gameplay, along with its accessibility, has made it a favorite among many users, even in 2023. Historian Jimmy Maher has estimated that Windows Solitaire – first released with Windows 3.0 in 1990 – is likely the most-played computer game ever made. ![]() ![]() First, we offer you flag slide templates with an elegant abstract wave line pattern. Maps Why don’t you go through our collection of free editable maps and flags for PowerPoint and Google Slides? Everything will fall into place once you find the tool you need for your presentation.If you need to showcase chronological data, we also offer you a wide array of horizontal and vertical, abstract, and figurative timeline diagrams to fit all of your specific needs. You will also find different types of Gantt charts and other project planning tools. You can choose from our selection of yearly, monthly, or weekly calendars to manage your projects in the short or long term. Our collection of free timeline and planning templates for PowerPoint and Google Slides will help you plan efficiently and meet your deadlines. ![]() Timelines & Planning When it comes to planning, time is of the essence.In addition, you will find hundreds of original graphics to represent your ideas in the fields of business, marketing, food, arts, science, technology, and many more. For instance, brains, light bulbs, pens, and pencils are perfect symbols for thinking and creation, hands for teamwork, trees for development, magnifier glasses for observation, road signs for advice and warnings, etc. ![]() Graphics & Metaphors Do you want to illustrate such concepts as growth, goal-reaching, leadership, or success with accurate visual metaphors? Our free graphics and metaphors for PowerPoint and Google Slides are here to help you grab your audience’s attention.Lay your ideas on the table and enjoy our free Text and Tables slide templates for PowerPoint and Google Slides! If you are looking for more specific content, you will find it here too: templates for your quotes and tables of contents, for instance.If you want to display your budget, invoices, and prices, plan your tasks, compare and contrast data or ideas, a great variety of tables is available to you. Text & Tables When you don’t know how to highlight your texts and present your information in your presentations, our broad collection of free Text and Table templates for Google Slides and PowerPoint will provide you with lots of original ideas.There are countless ways to bring life to your texts: bullet points, banners, speech bubbles, todo/checklists, word clouds, text boxes, and blocks, etc.More specifically, diagrams are simplified figures or schematic illustrations to show… The most common charts are column charts, bar charts, pie chart, line charts, bubble charts, gauges, radar charts, funnel charts, Gantt Charts Diagrams also use visualization techniques to represent information. They are a graphical representation of data, making complex numbers more intuitive and eventually easier to read and to understand. If you need to give a business, marketing, finance, science, or any other professional presentation, the tool you are looking for is just one click away! What are Charts & Diagrams? Charts are often related to Data Visualization. The aim is to make the reading and understanding of information easier for your audience. You can use them as soon as you need to give a visual representation of data. Take your pick in our wide collection of free charts and diagrams for PowerPoint and Google Slides! More than 700 options are waiting for you! Since there is a chart for every objective and a diagram for every occasion, we have assembled a varied and extensive selection of editable and easy-to-customize charts and diagrams. Charts & Diagrams If you are looking for ready-to-go charts and diagrams, you have come to the right place.Give life to your presentations thanks to our free professional templates! You will thus be able to target your audience thanks to backgrounds specifically designed for business, finance, technology, nature, health, and medicine, to mention but a few. For instance, you will come across abstract multi-purpose templates and some more concrete and specific ones. ![]() Whether you need free slide templates for personal, educational, or professional use, you will definitely find what you’re looking for in our wide collection. ![]() This application reads PDFs plain and simple, cut and dry. Nor will you find tools for signing, filling, commenting, or highlighting, let alone multiple reading modes. If you're looking for a PDF editor, you won't find it here. Slim PDF feather-light when it comes to features. ![]() You can search and rotate documents, but that’s about it.Īnd you have to go in knowing that. In our review, we called it "a sleek, minimalist PDF reader that only takes up a couple of megabytes on your hard drive." The downside to this small size is that Slim PDF is pretty basic. Plus, that means that it’s able to open and load your documents faster than most of its competitors. The software download is really small, so is the perfect choice if you’re limited by hard drive space. Slim PDF is the best free PDF reader if you’re looking for something incredibly lightweight. Read our full Foxit PDF Reader review Best lightweight free PDF reader Note that with the software's latest update, Foxit seems to have removed its PDF virtual printer driver, meaning you can no longer use the software to create PDFs. ![]() There’s a Safe Reading mode that allows you to automatically disable Javascript embedded in downloaded PDFs. You can also merge or split PDFs by downloading free add-ons for the software.Īnother advantage to Foxit PDF Reader is that it offers security. Tools for editing, signing, highlighting, and commenting are fairly easy to access. That’s thanks to the fact that it uses the same ribbon-style menu as Microsoft Office. The software can be a little intimidating at first, but it’s relatively straightforward to navigate. The only thing that’s lacking in the free version is support for optical character recognition in scanned documents. Or, you can scan a document or image and turn it into a PDF using Foxit Reader. Integration with Microsoft Office allows you to easily turn documents you’re working on into PDFs. Read our full Adobe Acrobat Reader DC review Best free PDF reader for cross-platform supportįoxit PDF Reader is more than just a free PDF reader – you can also create PDFs from scratch using this software. If you can overlook this, it’s a great tool, but there are less obtrusive ones out there. Sadly, the adware side of things is pretty much everywhere: you get ‘try now’ buttons, you’re offered to use powerful tools but later are asked to pony up some cash in order to actually use them, there’s even a ‘7-day trial’ button. In our review, we reckoned that “Adobe Acrobat Reader DC is one of the best free PDF readers for anyone looking to view documents and manipulate them in some way.” It’s simple, easy to use, and comes with all the basic features you need to interact with PDF files. If it wasn’t for the latter, Acrobat Reader would be a decent addition to your software library. The second is to convince you to upgrade to the paid version of the software (which, you’ve guessed it, has many more features, including the ability to create and edit PDF files). ![]() The top PDF viewer is designed with two purposes in mind: the first is to enable you to read and interact with PDF files (including adding annotations and even signing a document). Adobe Acrobat Reader DC is a free PDF reader software for Windows and Mac (with Android and iOS PDF reader apps available, too). And it's our top choice for best free PDF reader overall - although we found features one massive downside. ![]() ![]() When you are happy with the effects of your bullion modifier, you will then want to make the effect permanent. How Do You Make A Boolean Permanent In Blender? For example, you could use the difference method to engrave text onto an object. Difference can be used in a variety of different use cases. This is purely a matter of subtraction.Īs such, it is probably the easiest method of the three to use, and the most common as well. So the geometry of the main model that overlaps the Boolean is deleted, but unlike the Union methods, the geometry from the actual boolean is not added to the main object. In the example of our Cube and UV sphere, we can set the boolean modifier to the difference method, and when we do this the cube will cut away one corner of our UV sphere. With the difference method, we use our Boolean object to cut a shape into the main object. Of the three methods, the difference method is probably the one that you would expect from the Boolean modifier. You can left-click in the blank space and then choose your cube object or whatever you want to use as the Boolean from the list. In the modifier itself, you will be able to define the object that is going to be used for the boolean. At the moment nothing is going to change because our Boolean object has not been assigned to the modifier. Once our putting object is positioned over our main object, we will need to go to the Boolean modifier and set the modifier to intersect. If the Boolean object is not interacting with our main object in any way, then the Intersect method is simply not going to work because there is no geometry that is overlapping. When using this type of boolean, the modifier is going to find all the geometry that overlaps and is going to maintain the geometry that is overlapping.įor our example, we need to first of all position the cube over our UV sphere. The first of our three methods is going to be the Intersect method. So let’s take a look at how each of these will affect our main object. These three methods are the Intersect method, the Union method, and the difference method. ![]() ![]() Below is an example where we use our cube object to cut through the top of our UV sphere, leaving behind a bowl object from the lower half of the sphere.Īs we just mentioned, there are three different forms of bullying in Blender, and each of them calculates the Boolean modifier in different ways. We could also do the opposite by using the cube objects as a Boolean to cut through our UV sphere. For example, if we had a cube object and then we had a UV sphere, we could use the UV sphere to create a new shape from the cube. ![]() In Blender, a boolean is an object that is used to cut a shape into another object. In Blender, the use of a Boolean is slightly different. The term boolean represents an operation where you can only have one or two values. This is going to be a complete guide in the various ways that we can use the Boolean modifier and also alternative options as well such as the bool tool. If you can master the Boolean modifier, then you can learn to create objects of almost any shape that you want by using the shape of one object to create a new form with another. And it can use the ‘Difference’ option to use the Boolean as a means of cutting a hole in the original model. It can use the ‘Intersect’ option to leave behind only the geometry that intersects between two objects. It can use the ‘Union’ option to combine two objects together. The Boolean modifier can be used to create a new object from existing objects in one of three ways. One of the most valuable learning tools that you are going to be able to use in Blender is the Bullion’s Hall or Boolean modifier, which has the ability to use one object to cut a custom shape into another. ![]() ![]() ![]() (:20-21) Condition of the Poor Man – Lazarus = Deprivation and Suffering Lenski: His being rich is nothing that could be reckoned against him, for Abraham, too, was rich and appears in this very parable.ī. If one does not do this, it is clear that possessions, rather than God, are his lord. ![]() This was a clear violation of the Old Testament standard of righteousnessĭonald Miller: Possessions are given by God in trust, to be used as an expression of his concern for the needy. The rich man thus used his wealth to indulge himself, but not to minister to the needy. This means that he would have had to have consciously chosen to ignore his need. He would have had to walk past Lazarus every time he left or entered his house. The Sin of the Rich Man: Failure to use his wealth as a good steward to assist those in need such as Lazarus who was suffering tremendously right at his gateĭeffinbaugh: And if Lazarus was painfully aware of the bounty and blessings of the rich man, but evidently not a sharer in them, so, too, the rich man had to have been aware of the pathetic plight of Lazarus. “Now there was a certain rich man, and he habitually dressed in purple and fine linen, gaily living in splendor every day.” (:19) Condition of the Rich Man = Privilege and Luxury (:19-21) DISPARITY IN LIFE – CONTRAST BETWEEN THE RICH MAN AND THE POOR MAN – BETWEEN SERVING WEALTH AND SERVING GODĪ. – 16:15 – “that which is highly esteemed among men is detestable in the sight of God” – 16:13 – “You cannot serve God and wealth.” When it fails, they will receive you into the eternal dwellings.” – 16:9 – “make friends for yourselves by means of the wealth of unrighteousness, so that – 14:33 – “none of you can be My disciple who does not give up all his own possessions.” – 13:30 – “some are last who will be first and some are first who will be last.” This story illustrates a number of points Jesus had just made previously: There will be a complete reversal from what men esteem when God intervenes to bring final judgment. Don’t deceive yourself into thinking that your wealth is an indication of some type of secure status in God’s kingdom. They might enjoy privilege and luxury in this life, but in the life to come it will be a completely different story. But Jesus does not shy away from condemning the legalistic Pharisees for their love of money and their unwillingness to help in tangible, practical ways those who are suffering right before their eyes. Unrelenting torment in Hell for all of eternity is not one of the more popular sermon topics in today’s populist culture. THE ETERNAL DIVIDE BETWEEN SERVING GOD AND SERVING WEALTH BRINGS COMFORTING RELIEF OR UNRELENTING TORMENT ![]() ![]() sudo ln -s /opt/sublime_text_3/sublime_sktop /usr/share/applications/sublime_sktop cd ~ wget tar vxjf sublime_text_3_build_ * _圆4.tar.bz2 # Move the uncompressed files to an appropriate location. sudo ln -s /opt/sublime_text_3/sublime_text /usr/local/bin/subl # Create a symbolic link for the desktop entry. sudo mv sublime_text_3 /opt/sublime_text # Create a symbolic link to use at the command line. Replace 3211 with the latest build available (or any older build number).īash cd ~ wget tar vxjf sublime_text_3_build_ * _圆4.tar.bz2 # Move the uncompressed files to an appropriate location. The following sequence of Bash commands can be used to install Sublime Text manually. If there is no repository for your system, you can look for a Sublime Text entry on your distro's repository. The recommended way is to use the official Linux repositories for commonly used Linux distributions and follow the corresponding steps to install Sublime Text using your system's package manager.
![]() ![]() Link download umumnya berada pada website game, silakan memilih yang paling aman dan tidak berpotensi mendatangkan virus atau masalah. TEST AND GAMEPLAY DINO CRISIS 1 ON 2K RESOLUTiON PS1 EMULATOR EPSXE 2.0.5 EMULATOR 2K & How To Configure Best Settings 60 FPS On Good PC Look & 4K 2160P/60. Hope you understand what I am saying,I'll leave some screenshots here just for sure. Nah jika kapasitas komputer sudah aman, selanjutnya Anda harus mengunduh aplikasi Epsxe 2.0.5. ![]() Crash Team Racing is also broken,like the "flag" in the background at loading seems like some kind of a 3D thing which's not supposed to be like that and the number showing your position seems to be mirrored. I tried switching the settings around,changing several video plugins and stuff but nothing seemed to help. Also,they seem to have shared settings as all the changes I made in one of them were carried over to the other. (I used the "Copy settings to clipboard" function in both of the emulators' video plugins settings. You can see that they're both the same here. Well,I noticed that ePSXe 1.9.25 uses a different software video plugin (P.E.Op.S PSX DirectDraw Soft Renderer) but 2.0.5 uses ePSXe Core GPU so this might actually be the problem as it's pretty much the only difference in thos two configurations so is there any way to change the software video plugin? I actually doubt this is the problem but well,I cannot think of anything else that could be wrong. Well,we get in the game and start moving around and that's what matter the most to me,the black polygons at the sides of the screen like on the ground and this kind of solid stuff and it keeps moving around with me,it's really annoying and I would like to fix it if possible because I don't want to have to use 1.9.25 because 2.0 has much better GUI,quicker ISO boot and I can easily switch plugins for the input to use my DualShock 4 controller with it and then switch them back to use the keyboard again. With this option enabled, ePSXe will create two new memory cards for each game, if said memory cards already exist it will simply use them. As for individual memory cards its as dpence said. But in 2.0 and 2.0.5 (I tested these.) with the VERY SAME settings,the text at "Sony Computer Entertainment America Presents" is squished in the center of the screen (like it can be read normally and stuff but like it is too scaled down which is not really good,you'll see why) but weird is that the space background is visible even "out of the bounds" pretty much. When updating to ePSXe 2.0 or newer, remember to set CPU overclock to 1x in Options, otherwise ePSXe may crash. The actual problem is when I for example start Crash Bandicoot 3 Warped in 1.9.25 the "Sony Computer Entertainment America Presents" text is scaled from one side of the screen to another (which is good,you'll see why) and when I get in-game everything looks cool. I was using ePSXe 1.9.25 and down (started at around 1.5.2-1.6) and screen ration was good and still is even as I got a bigger (1920x1080) screen. I hope this post will help somebody in the near or distant future.So,gonna make it quick (pretty much). ![]() Personally most of the time I have it on (heathen!) but since this is an "accurate guide" I left it unchecked in the config's screenshot below.Īs a final note Id like to point out that the above configuration outputs almost identical "gfx quality" as psxfin (another great PSX emulator) with the bilinear filtering option turned off (tested) - which is the ONLY visual enhancement that particular emulator uses for rendering PSX gfx! Mdec (on 99.9% of all games = Video cut-scenes) filtering is again a matter of personal preference. You can also go "all out" and enable TV Scanlines but personally I never liked this feature. The two most important things to achieve the original PSX look is to set the internal x&y resolutions to Low - Native PSX resolution and use NO texture filtering nor any full screen filters. Besides, he specifically said that he followed another guide elsewhere to set this up. Ofc the guy is not at fault - Im not pointing any fingers here! Im just saying. unless he's using a weird shader that I don't know of from Pete's homepage that emulates the "original PSX gfx" somehow. And I know there are some purists out there like me and the OP who'd like to get the original PSX experience from time to time.įirst of all, the configuration the OP posted is not accurate for an original PSX rendering but quite the oposite actually - a very enhanced PSX "look". Sorry to revive this old thread but I couldn't help it because you can actually achieve the original PSX's graphics solely with the use of Pete's OpenGL2 2.9 plugin pretty easily. ![]() ![]() Essentially, Myllokunmingia resembled a bulkier, less streamlined Haikouichthys it had a single fin running along its back, and there's some fossil evidence of fishlike, V-shaped muscles and pouched gills (whereas the gills of Haikouichthys seem to have been completely unadorned). Myllokunmingia (Greek for "Kunming millstone") pronounced ME-loh-kun-MIN-gee-ahĪbout one inch long and less than an ounceĪlong with Haikouichthys and Pikaia, Myllokunmingia was one of the first "almost-vertebrates" of the Cambrian period, a span of time that's more popularly associated with a profusion of bizarre invertebrate life forms. (How this prehistoric fish received its name-Greek for "big apple"-remains a mystery!) Macropoma was characterized by its larger-than-average head and eyes and its calcified swim bladder, which helped it to float near the surface of shallow lakes and rivers. The late Cretaceous Macropoma was technically a coelacanth, and in most respects it was similar to the living representative of the breed, Latimeria. In fact, coelacanths comprise a wide range of fish, some of which are still living and some of which are long gone. Most people use the word " coelacanth" to refer to the presumably extinct fish that, as it turns out, still lurks in the depths of the Indian Ocean. Late Cretaceous (100-65 million years ago) Macropoma (Greek for "big apple") pronounced MACK-roe-POE-ma Still, it's important not to oversell Hypsocormus' credentials compared to, say, a modern bluefin tuna: it was still a relatively primitive "teleost" fish, as evidenced by its armored, and comparatively inflexible, scales. With its forked tail and mackerel-like build, Hypsocormus was one of the speediest of all prehistoric fish, and its powerful bite would have made it unlikely to wriggle off a fishing line considering its overall agility, it may have made its living by pursuing and disrupting schools of smaller fish. If there had been such a thing as sports fishing 200 million years ago, specimens of Hypsocormus would have been mounted in plenty of Mesozoic living rooms. Middle Triassic-Late Jurassic (230-145 million years ago)Īrmored scales forked tail fin fast pursuit speed Hypsocormus (Greek for "high stem") pronounced HIP-so-CORE-muss Unlike modern lungfish, the gills of which are practically useless, Dipterus seems to have relied on its gills and its lungs in equal measure, which means it probably spent more of its time underwater than any of its modern descendants. (Oddly, the lungfish of the Devonian period weren't directly ancestral to the first tetrapods, which evolved from a related family of lobe-finned fish.)Īs with many other prehistoric fish of the Devonian period (such as the gigantic, heavily armored Dunkleosteus), the head of Dipterus was protected from predators by tough, bony armor, and the "tooth plates" in its upper and lower jaws were adapted to crushing shellfish. In the Paleozoic Era, lungfish were able to survive long periods of desiccation by gulping down air with their lungs, then reverted to an aquatic, gill-powered lifestyle when the freshwater rivers and lakes they lived in filled up again with water. Lungfish-fish equipped with rudimentary lungs in addition to their gills-occupy a side branch of fish evolution, reaching a peak of diversity during the late Devonian period, about 350 million years ago, and then dwindling in importance (today there are only a handful of lungfish species). Middle-Late Devonian (400-360 million years ago) Like many other fossil fish (not to mention aquatic reptiles like plesiosaurs and mosasaurs), Bonnerichthys thrived not in the deep ocean, but the relatively shallow Western Interior Sea that covered much of North America during the Cretaceous period.ĭipterus (Greek for "two wings") pronounced DIP-teh-russ ![]() What he found was a large (20 foot long) prehistoric fish that fed not on its fellow fish, but on plankton-the first filter-feeding bony fish to be identified from the Mesozoic Era. ![]() ![]() Middle Cretaceous (100 million years ago)Īs so often happens in paleontology, the fossil of Bonnerichthys (preserved on a huge, unwieldy slab of rock extracted from a Kansas fossil site) had been stashed unnoticed for years until an enterprising researcher took a closer look at it and made an amazing discovery. Bonnerichthys (Greek for "Bonner's fish") pronounced BONN-er-ICK-thiss ![]() |
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